While the CBC career pathways system offers many benefits, it is not without its challenges. One key concern is the early specialization in Grade 9, which may pressure learners to make career-defining decisions before they fully understand their strengths or interests. Additionally, limited school resources mean that not all institutions can offer all pathways, potentially restricting students’ choices based on location rather than ability or passion. There are also concerns about inequality, as well-equipped urban schools are more likely to provide better facilities for pathways like STEM and Arts compared to under-resourced rural schools. Furthermore, the shift to a competency-based assessment system can be confusing for parents and students who are more familiar with traditional exam grading, and some universities and employers are still adjusting to the new framework. These challenges highlight the need for continuous improvement, increased investment, and strong guidance systems to ensure that CBC pathways achieve their intended impact.

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